Tail Risk Measurement: Estimation, Sensitivity, Uncertainty
Regulatory frameworks such as Solvency II require non-life insurers to quantify extreme risks — most notably the 99.5% Value-at-Risk over a one-year horizon for the Solvency Capital Requirement (SCR). In practice, however, this poses a fundamental challenge: historical loss data contains little to no information about such rare events, making direct estimation inherently unreliable. This […]